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Type of surge protectors

The AC power surge protectors are split into 3 categories by IEC 61643-11 and EN 61643-11 standards, with the following 3 classes of tests. These different tests depend on the location of the surge protector in the AC network and on the external conditions.

Type 1 surge protectors

Type 1 surge protectors are designed to be installed where a direct lightning strike risk is high, especially when the  building is equipped with external lightning protection system (LPS or lightning rod). In this situation, EN 61643-11 and IEC 61643-11 standards require the Class I test to be applied to surge protectors : this test is characterized by the injection of 10/350 μs impulse current in order to simulate the direct lightning strike consequence. Therefore these Type 1 surge protectors must be especially powerful to conduct this high energy impulse current.

Type 2 surge protectors

Type 2 surge protectors are designed to be installed at the entrance of the installation, in the main switchboard, or lose to sensitive terminals, on installations without LPS (lightning rods). These protectors are tested following the  lass II test from IEC61643-11 or EN61643-11 standards and based on 8/20 μs impulse current injection.

 Type 3 surge protectors

In case of very sensitive or remote equipment, secondary stage of surge protectors is required : these low energy  PDs could be Type 2 or Type 3. Type 3 SPDs are tested with a combination waveform (1,2/50 μs - 8/20 μs) following  Class III test